The JLSR is administered by a Board of Directors and officers elected annually at the meeting of the parents of children who attend the school. The board has close ties to the Japanese companies in the Triangle Area, and to the Triangle Japan Business Association, the local Japanese chamber of commerce. There is also strong participation by Japanese employed at American owned firms as IBM and at US research institutes in the Triangle Area. 

The academic program of the JLSR is under the direction of the Principal. Prior to the current 1996-97 academic year, the Principal was selected from among the teachers. However since April 1996 the JLSR was fortunate to have been assigned by the Japanese Ministry of Education, a professional educator to serve as Principal; Mr. Toshihiko Yasuda is the current Principal.

Textbooks are provided by the Foundation for the Promotion of Education of Children Overseas, a Tokyo-based foundation which channels Japanese government support to such schools. However, the primary financial support for the school is tuition. Current fee call for a $80 initial application fee for each child, and monthly tuition of $55 per child. Some support is provided by the Japanese government and by the Japanese business community of the Triangle, reflecting their serious interest in the school's success.